WoRMS taxon details
Aphanizomenon flos-aquae Ralfs ex Bornet & Flahault, 1886
248099 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:248099)
accepted
Species
Aphanizomenon americanum E.G.Reinhard, 1896 · unaccepted
Aphanizomenon flos-aquae f. holsaticum (P.G.Richter) Elenkin, 1938 · unaccepted (synonym)
Aphanizomenon flos-aquae f. typicum Elenkin, 1938 · unaccepted (synonym)
Aphanizomenon holsaticum P.G.Richter, 1891 · unaccepted
Aphanizomenon holtsaticum Richter, 1891 · unaccepted
Byssus flos-aquae Linnaeus, 1753 · unaccepted (synonym)
Conferva flos-aquae (Linnaeus) Roth, 1806 · unaccepted (synonym)
Limnochlide flosaquae (Linnaeus) Kützing, 1843 · unaccepted (synonym)
Micraloa flosaquae (Linnaeus) Trevisan, 1845 · unaccepted (synonym)
Nostoc flosaquae (Linnaeus) Lyngbye, 1819 · unaccepted (synonym)
Nostoc papyraceum S.F.Gray, 1821 · unaccepted
Oscillatoria flosaquae (Linnaeus) C.Agardh, 1812 · unaccepted (synonym)
Sphaerozyga flosaquae (Linnaeus) Corda, 1836 · unaccepted (synonym)
Trichormus flosaquae (Linnaeus) Ralfs, 1850 · unaccepted (synonym)
- Forma Aphanizomenon flos-aquae f. incurvatum Chernov
- Forma Aphanizomenon flos-aquae f. macrosporum Fedorov, 1969
- Forma Aphanizomenon flos-aquae f. gracile (Lemmermann) Elenkin, 1938 accepted as Aphanizomenon gracile Lemmermann, 1907
- Forma Aphanizomenon flos-aquae f. holsaticum (P.G.Richter) Elenkin, 1938 accepted as Aphanizomenon flos-aquae Ralfs ex Bornet & Flahault, 1886 (synonym)
- Forma Aphanizomenon flos-aquae f. klebahnii (Elenkin) Elenkin, 1938 accepted as Aphanizomenon klebahnii (Elenkin) Pechar & Kalina ex Komárek & Komárková, 2006 (synonym)
- Forma Aphanizomenon flos-aquae f. typicum Elenkin, 1938 accepted as Aphanizomenon flos-aquae Ralfs ex Bornet & Flahault, 1886 (synonym)
- Subspecies Aphanizomenon flos-aquae holsaticum (P.G.Richter) Elenkin, 1938 accepted as Aphanizomenon flos-aquae Ralfs ex Bornet & Flahault, 1886
- Variety Aphanizomenon flos-aquae var. gracile Lemmermann, 1898 accepted as Aphanizomenon gracile Lemmermann, 1907
- Variety Aphanizomenon flos-aquae var. klebahnii Elenkin, 1909 accepted as Aphanizomenon klebahnii (Elenkin) Pechar & Kalina ex Komárek & Komárková, 2006 (synonym)
Not documented
Description Trichomes free-floating, aggregated in parallel in elongated, band-like colonies, up to 2 cm long and 3 mm wide,...
LSID urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:97658
Description Trichomes free-floating, aggregated in parallel in elongated, band-like colonies, up to 2 cm long and 3 mm wide, olive-green, flexuous. Trichomes straight or bent, cylindrical, slightly constricted at the cross-walls, isopolar, on both ends with long, cylindrical, terminal cells, at the ends cylindrical-rounded. Cells cylindrical to slightly barrel-shaped, ± isodiametric with olive-green protoplast and numerous aerotopes, 4-12.1 x 4.4-8 μm; apical cells elongated and up to 24.3 gm long, without aerotopes, almost hyaline, usually with characteristic remains of cytoplasm in form of an irregular, lengthwise string. Heterocytes intercalary, solitary, usu¬ally 1 (up to 3) in a trichome, cylindrical, 10-18 x 5-8.5 μm. Akinetes intercalary, long cylindrical, distant from heterocytes, 40-220 x 6-10.8 μm. [details]
LSID urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:97658
LSID urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:97658 [details]
Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2026). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Aphanizomenon flos-aquae Ralfs ex Bornet & Flahault, 1886. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=248099 on 2026-03-09
Date
action
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Nomenclature
basis of record
Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2025). AlgaeBase. <em>World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.</em> searched on YYYY-MM-DD., available online at http://www.algaebase.org [details]
Other
additional source
Ferreira, A. C.; Sankarankuty, C.; Da-cunha, I. M. C.; Duarte, F. T. (2001). Yet another record of Charybdis hellerii (A. Milne Edwards) (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the northeast of Brazil. <em>Revista Brasileira da Zoologia.</em> 18, 57-358., available online at http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbzool/v18s1/v18supl1a34.pdf [details] Available for editors 
[request]
additional source Rapala, J., Sivonen, K., Luukkainen, R. & Niemelä, S. I. (1993). Anatoxin-a concentration in <i>Anabaena</i> and <i>Aphanizomenon</i> under different environmental conditions and comparison of growth by toxic and non-toxic <i>Anabaena</i>-strains — a laboratory study. <em>Journal of Applied Phycology.</em> 5: 581-591., available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02184637 [details]
additional source Osswald, J.; Rellán, S.; Gago, A.; Vasconcelos, V. (2009). Production of anatoxin-A by cyanobacterial strains isolated from Portuguese fresh water systems. <em>Ecotoxicology, 18, 1110–1115.</em> , available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-009-0375-5 [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source Lyon-Colbert, A.; Su, S.; Cude, C. (2018). A Systematic Literature Review for Evidence of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae Toxigenicity in Recreational Waters and Toxicity of Dietary Supplements: 2000–2017. <em>Toxins.</em> 10(7): 254., available online at https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins10070254 [details] Available for editors [request]
[request]additional source Rapala, J., Sivonen, K., Luukkainen, R. & Niemelä, S. I. (1993). Anatoxin-a concentration in <i>Anabaena</i> and <i>Aphanizomenon</i> under different environmental conditions and comparison of growth by toxic and non-toxic <i>Anabaena</i>-strains — a laboratory study. <em>Journal of Applied Phycology.</em> 5: 581-591., available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02184637 [details]
additional source Osswald, J.; Rellán, S.; Gago, A.; Vasconcelos, V. (2009). Production of anatoxin-A by cyanobacterial strains isolated from Portuguese fresh water systems. <em>Ecotoxicology, 18, 1110–1115.</em> , available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-009-0375-5 [details] Available for editors
[request]additional source Lyon-Colbert, A.; Su, S.; Cude, C. (2018). A Systematic Literature Review for Evidence of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae Toxigenicity in Recreational Waters and Toxicity of Dietary Supplements: 2000–2017. <em>Toxins.</em> 10(7): 254., available online at https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins10070254 [details] Available for editors
[request]
Present Present in aphia/obis/gbif/idigbio Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
Description Trichomes free-floating, aggregated in parallel in elongated, band-like colonies, up to 2 cm long and 3 mm wide, olive-green, flexuous. Trichomes straight or bent, cylindrical, slightly constricted at the cross-walls, isopolar, on both ends with long, cylindrical, terminal cells, at the ends cylindrical-rounded. Cells cylindrical to slightly barrel-shaped, ± isodiametric with olive-green protoplast and numerous aerotopes, 4-12.1 x 4.4-8 μm; apical cells elongated and up to 24.3 gm long, without aerotopes, almost hyaline, usually with characteristic remains of cytoplasm in form of an irregular, lengthwise string. Heterocytes intercalary, solitary, usu¬ally 1 (up to 3) in a trichome, cylindrical, 10-18 x 5-8.5 μm. Akinetes intercalary, long cylindrical, distant from heterocytes, 40-220 x 6-10.8 μm. [details]Harmful effect Antx-a according to Rapala et al., 1993; Osswald et al. 2009.
STXs (GTX4, GTX1, GTX3 and C toxins) according to Ferreira et al 2001
Capable of producing anatoxin-a (ANTX), cylindrospermopsin (CYN), microcystins (MCs), and the paralytic shellfish poison toxins (PSP toxins), saxitoxins (STXs) according to Lyon-Colbert et al 2018. [details]
LSID urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:97658 [details]
Unreviewed
Environment Freshwater algae, N. India. [details]
| Language | Name | |
|---|---|---|
| Swedish | knippvattenblom | [details] |
Published in AlgaeBase 
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Aphanizomenon holsaticum P.G.Richter, 1891)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Aphanizomenon americanum E.G.Reinhard, 1896)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Aphanizomenon cyaneum Ralfs ex Bornet & Flahault, 1888)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Nostoc papyraceum S.F.Gray, 1821)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Byssus flos-aquae Linnaeus, 1753)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Conferva flos-aquae (Linnaeus) Roth, 1806)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Oscillatoria flosaquae (Linnaeus) C.Agardh, 1812)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Nostoc flosaquae (Linnaeus) Lyngbye, 1819)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Sphaerozyga flosaquae (Linnaeus) Corda, 1836)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Limnochlide flosaquae (Linnaeus) Kützing, 1843)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Trichormus flosaquae (Linnaeus) Ralfs, 1850)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Micraloa flosaquae (Linnaeus) Trevisan, 1845)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Aphanizomenon holtsaticum Richter, 1891)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Aphanizomenon flos-aquae holsaticum (P.G.Richter) Elenkin, 1938)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Aphanizomenon flos-aquae f. typicum Elenkin, 1938)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Aphanizomenon flos-aquae f. holsaticum (P.G.Richter) Elenkin, 1938)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (3 publications) (from synonym Aphanizomenon holsaticum P.G.Richter, 1891)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (77 publications)
To Dyntaxa
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Aphanizomenon flos-aquae)
To GenBank (17 nucleotides; 8392 proteins)
To PESI
Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Aphanizomenon holsaticum P.G.Richter, 1891)Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Aphanizomenon americanum E.G.Reinhard, 1896)Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Aphanizomenon cyaneum Ralfs ex Bornet & Flahault, 1888)Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Nostoc papyraceum S.F.Gray, 1821)Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Byssus flos-aquae Linnaeus, 1753)Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Conferva flos-aquae (Linnaeus) Roth, 1806)Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Oscillatoria flosaquae (Linnaeus) C.Agardh, 1812)Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Nostoc flosaquae (Linnaeus) Lyngbye, 1819)Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Sphaerozyga flosaquae (Linnaeus) Corda, 1836)Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Limnochlide flosaquae (Linnaeus) Kützing, 1843)Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Trichormus flosaquae (Linnaeus) Ralfs, 1850)Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Micraloa flosaquae (Linnaeus) Trevisan, 1845)Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Aphanizomenon holtsaticum Richter, 1891)Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Aphanizomenon flos-aquae holsaticum (P.G.Richter) Elenkin, 1938)Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Aphanizomenon flos-aquae f. typicum Elenkin, 1938)Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Aphanizomenon flos-aquae f. holsaticum (P.G.Richter) Elenkin, 1938)To Biodiversity Heritage Library (3 publications) (from synonym Aphanizomenon holsaticum P.G.Richter, 1891)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (77 publications)
To Dyntaxa
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Aphanizomenon flos-aquae)
To GenBank (17 nucleotides; 8392 proteins)
To PESI
From editor or global species database
