Maritime traffic alters distribution of the harbour porpoise in the North Sea

Pigeault, R.; Ruser, A.; Ramírez-Martínez, N.C.; Geelhoed, S.C.V.; Haelters, J.; Nachtsheim, D.A.; Schaffeld, T.; Sveegaard, S.; Siebert, U.; Gilles, A.

doi:/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116925

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Maritime traffic alters distribution of the harbour porpoise in the North Sea

Pigeault, R.; Ruser, A.; Ramírez-Martínez, N.C.; Geelhoed, S.C.V.; Haelters, J.; Nachtsheim, D.A.; Schaffeld, T.; Sveegaard, S.; Siebert, U.; Gilles, A. (2024). Maritime traffic alters distribution of the harbour porpoise in the North Sea. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 208: 116925. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116925

In: Marine Pollution Bulletin. Macmillan: London. ISSN 0025-326X; e-ISSN 1879-3363

Available in	Authors
VLIZ: Open access 411325 [ download pdf ]

Keywords

Human impact
Noise
Marine/Coastal

Author keywords

Cetacean; Disturbance; Maritime traffic; Species distribution model

Authors		Top
Pigeault, R. Ruser, A. Ramírez-Martínez, N.C. Geelhoed, S.C.V.	Haelters, J., more Nachtsheim, D.A. Schaffeld, T.	Sveegaard, S. Siebert, U. Gilles, A.

Abstract

The North Sea is one of the most industrialised marine regions globally. We integrated cetacean-dedicated aerial surveys (2015–2022) with environmental covariates and ship positions from the Automatic Identification System (AIS) to investigate the disturbance radius and duration on harbour porpoise distribution. This study is based on 81,511 km of line-transect survey effort, during which 6511 harbour porpoise groups (8597 individuals) were sighted. Several proxies for ship disturbance were compared, identifying those best explaining the observed distribution. Better model performance was achieved by integrating maritime traffic, with frequent traffic representing the most significant disturbance to harbour porpoise distribution. Porpoises avoided areas frequented by numerous vessels up to distances of 9 km. The number of ships and average approach distance over time improved model performance, while reasons for the lower performance of predicted ship sound levels remain unclear. This study demonstrates the short-term effects of maritime traffic on harbour porpoise distribution

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